Putting aside that 164 people are committing a crime is significant, it still misses the point. How many Maryland residents voted only in Virginia in 2012 because it was a top-tier Presidential race? In contrast, Maryland was a lock for President Obama. In other words, these people committed vote fraud but did not double vote.
Put another way, how many of these 44,000 only voted once but cast their vote in the closer race, not where they reside? For example, in 2013, when Maryland did not have statewide elections and Virginia did, the statewide Virginia Attorney General race was decided by 907 votes. It would only take 2% of the double registered to sway that race.
The best non-partisan report on vote fraud by a task force of the Milwaukee Police Department detailed how former Wisconsin residents living in California where still voting in Wisconsin so their Presidential “vote would count.” In 2008, then Senator Obama had a program entitled “float the vote” encouraging college students to select their voting location (home or school) based on how purple the state was, not on actual residence rules.